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I said to myself concerning the sons of men, “God has surely tested them in order for them to see that they are but beasts.

Surely the fate of human beings is like that of the animals; the same fate awaits them both: As one dies, so dies the other. All have the same breath; humans have no advantage over animals. Everything is meaningless.

Both go to the same place—they came from dust and they return to dust.

For who can prove that the human spirit goes up and the spirit of animals goes down into the earth?”

Qoheleth/Ecclesiastes, 3:18 – 21